A+Nuclear+medicine

=__Isotope and Radioactivity__= = = =Name of radioactive isotope/electromagnetic radiation/scientist: Nuclear medicine= = = = = =Explanation of interesting facts: (how used/works.experiments/discoveries)= 3.The history of nuclear medicine is rich with contributions from gifted scientists across different disciplines in physics, chemistry, engineering, and medicine 4.A patient undergoing a nuclear medicine procedure will receive a radiation dose. Under present international guidelines it is assumed that any radiation dose, however small, presents a risk of getting cancer 5.An estimated 16 million nuclear medicine imaging and therapeutic procedures are performed each year in the United States. Of these, 40-50% are cardiac exams and 35-40% are cancer related. =3 Advantages of using the radioactive isotope/radiation/benefits of discovery=
 * 1) Relies on the process of radioactive decay in the diagnosis and treatment of disease
 * 2) Today every reputed hospital in the U.S as a testimonial to this has established a Nuclear Medicine department Statistics show that 19.7 million nuclear medicine procedures were done on 17.2 million women men and children in over 7,200

1.Nuclear medicine is cost-effective techniques to image the body and treat disease. Nuclear medicine imaging is unique, because it provides doctors with information about both structure and function. It is a way to gather medical information that would otherwise be unavailable, require surgery, or necessitate more expensive diagnostic tests.

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3. =Is the radioactive isotope/radiation/discovery still used today? Explain= Yes. it is used a lot in the

=References= http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuclear_medicine#History http://interactive.snm.org/docs/whatisnucmed.pdf http://www.medindia.net/news/view_news_main.asp?str=2&x=14831

=Diagram/image (include source and caption)= Common isotopes used in nuclear medicine [6] [7] isotope symbol Z T1/2 decay photons β Imaging: fluorine-18 18F 9 110 m β+ 511 (193%) 0.664 (97%) gallium-67 67Ga 31 3.26 d ec 93 (39%), 185 (21%), 300 (17%) - krypton-81m 81mKr 36 13.1 s IT 190 (68%) - rubidium-82 82Rb 37 1.27 m β+ 511 (191%) 3.379 (95%) technetium-99m 99mTc 43 6.01 h IT 140 (89%) - indium-111 111In 49 2.80 d ec 171 (90%), 245 (94%) - iodine-123 123I 53 13.3 h ec 159 (83%) - xenon-133 133Xe 54 5.24 d β- 81 (31%) 0.364 (99%) thallium-201 201Tl 81 3.04 d ec 69–83* (94%), 167 (10%) - Therapy: yttrium-90 90Y 39 2.67 d β- - 2.280 (100%) iodine-131 131I 53 8.02 d β- 364 (81%) 0.807 (100%) Z = atomic number, the number of protons; T1/2 = half-life; decay = mode of decay photons = principle photon energies in kilo-electron volts, keV, (abundance/decay) β = beta maximum energy in mega-electron volts, MeV, (abundance/decay) β+ = β+ decay; β- = β- decay; IT = isomeric transition; ec = electron capture
 * X-rays from progeny, mercury, Hg